UNDER  DEVELOPMENT

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Selection Criteria For Entry In The African Specific DNA Database: Eligibility of Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase.

SHORT COMMUNICATION

Aboubakar YARI¹ & Venus YARI¹

Myra YARI².

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Affiliations:

1. Sabic Consulting, Inc

2. Marketing Body, Biotech tropicana Corporation

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Background :

DNA databases are designed to store, analyse and retrieve large amount of DNA data. Setting specific criteria for storing is essential to make the database useful and friendly for external users, in the process and data retrieving and analysis.

The African Specific DNA Database (ASDD) is designed to store DNA data that are exclusively specific to Africa and Africans. Such a database would be useful and friendly to life sciences practioners in medicine, agronomy, and industry with minimal to average expertise in Genetics and other DNA related fields.

Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is an enzyme acting protein involved in the conversion of glucose to ribose through the pentose phosphate pathway. Mutations in the gene coding for the enzyme result in the production of proteins with altered structure or function, or both. Functional alterations of the enzyme may cause deficiencies in the metabolic function of the enzyme in converting glucose to ribose resulting in a metabolic disease called glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency or G6PDD. Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency was demonstrated to show high frequency in the tropical areas in Asia, Americas, sub saharan Africa and the countries near the Mediterranean sea. [1] The incidence of the disease was also demonstrated to show a high correlation with malaria, endemic in tropical areas, particularly in Africa. [2] The high frequency of the disease causing mutated variants of the glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase gene in Africa makes the gene eligible for entry in the African Specific DNA Database.

Here, we describe the selection criteria for data entry in ASDD. We further discuss the basis of eligibility of G6PD for entry into ASDD.  

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Description :

To be eligible for entry in the African Specific DNA Database (ASDD), a DNA data must meet the following criteria:

1. The data must convey an information specific to Africa or Africans, or both.
2. The data must be of importance for potential applications in medicine, agronomy, or industry.
3. Data not eligible under criteria 1 and 2 may be eligible for entry in the “data of special interest” section of the database, if the data conveys an information specific to areas of special interest to Africa, such as business partners of Africa. 

The ASDD is technical construed as a cell of a larger data databank called the SMART African Biotechnology Information Centre (SABIC).

The SABIC databank is a dynamic structured platform of biotechnology related information designed to be expandable to additional cells as needed. Current cells under incubation in the SABIC platform include:

1. The African specific biotechnology related literature database (ASLD)
2. A database of expert profile of special interest to biotechnology for Africa’s development (ASED)
3. The current African Specific DNA Database (ASDD)
4. Additional databases at the level of conception and exploration (ASXD)

All databases under the SABIC platform are coordinated from a single “Coordination Cell” called the Sabic Consulting, Inc.

Sabic Consulting, Inc is incubated as an independent unit of the Biotech tropicana,IncGROUP, the science and technology body of Biotech tropicana Corporation, a member of the Biotech tropicana Systems (BTS).

Like Sabic Consulting,Inc, all units of the Biotech tropicana Systems that focuse on the “Special Needs of Africa”, the BTS “SND” program are coordinated at corporation level under Biotech tropicana,IncAU. [3]

At implementation level the SABIC platform is designed to operate through two web based interfaces:

5. A freely accessible interface
6. A second interface accessible only to registered users

Consistent with the “FOR PROFIT” status of the Biotech tropicana Systems, registration SHALL require payment of a fee for access to restricted information of business interest to the Biotech tropicana Systems.   

The Biotech tropicana Systems are a Biotech Company that specialized in innovation of biotechnologies adapted to the needs of the developing world.

The Biotech tropicana Systems are a private Biotech Company owned and operated by Aboubakar YARI and Venus YARI.

Discussion : :

We retained Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase as eligible DNA data for entry into ASDD based on the following:

4. The DNA data on the gene coding for the enzyme meet criteria 1 and 2 as stated above.
5. The high correlation between the population level distribution of the disease causing variants of the gene with the incidence of malaria.

Malaria was retained together with HIV/AIDs and Tuberculosis as one of the “BIG 3” global health issues of special interest to the World Health Organization, a public business partner of Africa, justifying the choice of Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase for first entry in the ASDD database.

Specific data on the entry of Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase into ASDD are discussed elsewhere. [4;5]

Conclusion :

We described the data eligibility criteria for entry into the African Specific DNA Database and explained the basis of first choice of Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase for entry into the database.

References :

[1] G6PD Deficiency Prevalence and Estimates of Affected Populations in Malaria Endemic Countries: A Geostatistical Model-Based Map

Rosalind E. Howes,^1,* Frédéric B. Piel,¹ Anand P. Patil,¹ Oscar A. Nyangiri,² Peter W. Gething,¹ Mewahyu Dewi,³ Mariana M. Hogg,¹ Katherine E. Battle,¹ Carmencita D. Padilla,^4,5 J. Kevin Baird,^3,6 and Simon I. Hay^1,*

Available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3496665/

Accessed April 23,2016.

[2] African Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Alleles Associated with Protection from Severe Malaria in Heterozygous Females in Tanzania

Alphaxard Manjurano,¹ Nuno Sepulveda,² Behzad Nadjm,^3,¤ George Mtove,¹ Hannah Wangai,¹ Caroline Maxwell,¹ Raimos Olomi,¹ Hugh Reyburn,^1,2 Eleanor M. Riley,^1,2,‡ Christopher J. Drakeley,^1,2,‡ Taane G. Clark,^4,5,‡* and MalariaGEN Consortium^6,. Available at

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4335500/

Accessed April 23, 2016.

[3] Biotech tropicana,IncAU at www.btau.ucoz.com

[4] A. YARI & V. YARI .First Data Entry In The African Specific DNA Database: A Sub Component of The SMART African Biotechnology  Information Centre. A Procedural Scheme. Biotech tropicana Journal; (1)(5):2, 2016. 

[5] A. YARI; V YARI; M. YARI. The African Specific DNA Database: A System Outline. Biotech tropicana Journal; (1)(5):1, 2016.