Background :

At the dawn of the new millennium in 2000, humanity lunched an ambitious development projet called the Millennium Development Project (UN MDG). UN MDG aims to eradicate extreme poverty on planet earth. The UN MDG relied heavily on a team of experts, for strategies to success. [1 ;2]

During that same period, the BUSH administration initiated The Millennium Challenge Account Project (MCA). The US Congress supports the BUSH administration with an Act that elevated the  MCA to the Global United States Millennium Challenge Corporation (US MCC). [3 ;4]

At the 10th anniversary summit of the UN MDG, the Obama Administration proposed an unprecedented Global Development Policy (US GDP). US GDP supports and strenghens key aspects of the UN MDG, toward success. [5 ;6]

Since its inception, the Biotech tropicana Systems engage in the war against poverty, by aligning with  the UN MDG, the US MCC, and the US GDP. The Biotech tropicana systems relied heavily on technology and process innovation, a s tools against poverty.

After a decade of implementation of the Global Development projects in the  UN MDG, the US MCC, and the US GDP, all parties by now have  something in «contribution » to take pride of.

The United Nations never forget to thank those who contribute to their daily work for a better humanity, for now and beyond.

Here, we conduct an analysis of the acknowledgement of merit of the Science, Technology, and Innovation Task  Force, under the United Nations Millennium Development Project.

METHODS

We scan for contribution in the acknowledgment profile of the Book , « Innovation : Applying Knowledge In Development » recognized as the standard in the applications of technology for development.

We mark contributors from

<!--[if !supportLists]-->1)       English speaking countries as RED<!--[endif]-->

<!--[if !supportLists]-->2)      French speaking countries as BLUE<!--[endif]-->

<!--[if !supportLists]-->3)      Spanish speaking countries as GREEN<!--[endif]-->

<!--[if !supportLists]-->5)      UN Agencies and International organizations are underlined<!--[endif]-->

<!--[if !supportLists]-->6)      Redundancies  are left out

Results

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Available in Innovation : Applying Knowledge In Development. Page XV (18) at http://www.unmillenniumproject.org/documents/Science-complete.pdf

The task force worked closely with the UN Information and Communications Technologies task force, which made important contributions to the report. It also worked with international science and technical information organizations, such as the InterAcademy Council, which recently began conducting major studies on the importance of building scientific and technological capabilities worldwide.

In dealing with the operational implications of the report, the task force worked closely with several international development agencies, particularly the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, and the Canadian International Development Research Centre. The report complements the work carried out by the InterAcademy Council and several UN agencies, in particular the UN Commission on Science and Technology for Development (UNCSTD), the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), the United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO), the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), and intergovernmental bodies dealing with science, technology, and innovation.

An earlier draft of this report was circulated among science, technology, and innovation ministries, academies of sciences, academies of engineering, and national institutions of engineers in the Asia Pacific region, soliciting their support for collaboration with developing countries, especially those in Africa. The support they provided was critical. The task force also circulated the earlier draft to all heads of state and government around the world. It is grateful to those who responded with comments and additional information.

Many people contributed directly or indirectly to the preparation of this report. Enormous support was provided by the task force’s host organizations, the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs of Harvard University’s Kennedy School of Government and the World Federation of Engineering Organizations.

Additional support was provided by the Rockefeller Foundation, the Science Advisor’s Office of the Prime Minister of Malaysia, the Academy of Sciences Malaysia, the Kenyan Ministry of Planning and National Development, and the Kenya National Academy of Sciences, which hosted several task force meetings. We would also like to acknowledge with appreciation the financial and other support provided to members of the task force by UNCTAD, UNDP, UNESCO, UNIDO, the University of Toronto, Department of Communications, the Marine and Natural Resources of Ireland, and the SageMetrics Corporation.

The team preparing the report also gained immensely from continuous interaction with the leadership and team of the UN Millennium Project, particularly Jeffrey Sachs, Guido Schmidt-Traub, John McArthur, and Alice Wiemers.

The comments and additional information provided by the many reviewers of this report played an important role in the report’s evolution, content, and structure. The task force is grateful for the comments and additional information it received from heads of state and government from Argentina, Bolivia, Canada, Chile, Guyana, Israel, Kenya, Latvia, Malaysia, Monaco, Portugal, Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, and Zambia.

We would like to acknowledge with appreciation numerous people who made suggestions on how the options for action identified in this report couldbe funded. We are particularly grateful to George Atkinson (Science and Technology Advisor to the U.S. Secretary of State) for convening over a period of six months an informal roundtable on science, technology, and development. The other members of the roundtable whose contributions helped to shape our thinking regarding financial support for technological innovation include Mamphela Ramphele, Robert Watson, and Michael Crawford (World Bank, Washington, D.C.); Bruce Alberts (U.S. National Academies, Washington, D.C.), and Marta Cehelsky (Inter-American Development Bank, Washington, D.C.).

The task force is particularly grateful to the Department for International Development (DFID) and the Institute of Development Studies at Sussex University, which convened a meeting at which an earlier version of the draft was discussed. The workshop provided additional information and extremely valuable suggestions for improving the report. The team would like to thank in particular Masood Ahmed, Richard Martini, and Rachel Turner from DFID and Lawrence Haddad, Raphael Kaplinsky, and Catherine Gee from the Institute of Development Studies for their invaluable contributions to this effort. The task force received valuable reviews, comments, and additional information from Karon Acon (EARTH University, Costa Rica); Ricardo Acosta (State Council for Science and Technology, Mexico); Abdul-Hakeem Ajijola Office of the Presidency, Abuja, Nigeria); Alkhattab AlHinai (King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia); Abdalla Alnajjar (Arab Science and Technology Foundation, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates); Alice Amsden (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Mass.); Daniele Archibugi (Italian  National Research Council, Rome); Rodrigo Arocena (Universidad de la Republica, Uruguay); Brigitte Baeuerle (University of Denver, Colo.); Audia Barnett (Scientific Research Council, Kingston, Jamaica); John Barton (Stanford University, Palo Alto, Ca.); B. Bowonder (Administrative Staff College of India, Hyderabad, India); Lewis Branscomb (Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.); Christe S. Bruderlin (Los Angeles, Ca.) (freelance writer); Mark Cantley (European Commission, Brussels); Alfonso Carrasco (Intermediate Technology Development Group, Lima, Peru); Rosalba Casas (Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City); Fidel Castro Díaz-Balart (Office of the Scientific Advisor, State Council, Havana, Cuba); Aurora Cebreros (National Science and Technology Council, Lima, Peru); Lennox Chandler (Science and Technology Division, Government of Barbados, Bridgetown); Pamela Chasek (Earth Negotiations Bulletin, New York); Shin-Horng Chen (Chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research, Taipei); Mbita Chitala (Ministry of Finance and National Planning, Lusaka, Zambia); Clara Cohen (National Academies, Washington, D.C.); William Clark (Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.); Ismael Clark-Arxer (Cuban Academy of Sciences, Havana); Peter Collins (Royal Society, London); Gordon Conway (Rockefeller Foundation, New York); Susan E. Cozzens, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA). Dana Dalrymple (U.S. Agency for International Development, Washington, D.C.); Louk de la Rive Box (Institute of Social Studies, The Hague); Tulio Abel del Bono (Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Buenos Aires); Mateja Dermastia (Ministry of the Economy, Ljubljana); David Dickson (Science and Development Network, London); Paul Dufour (Office of the Science Advisor to the Prime Minister of Canada, Ottawa); Dieter Ernst (East-West Center, Honolulu); Henry Etzkowitz (State University of New York, Purchase); Jonathan Fanton (MacArthur Foundation, Chicago, Ill.); Sarah Farley (World Bank, Washington, D.C.); Eduardo A. Fernandez (Chamber of Commerce of Barranquilla, Atlantico, Colombia); Kenneth Fernandez (National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala.); Sergio Ferreira de Figueiredo (Ministry of Development, Brasilia); Sinesio Pires Ferreira (Institute for Statistics and Socioeconomic Research, São Paulo, Brazil); Janine Ferretti(Inter-American Development Bank, Washington, D.C.); Judith Francis (Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation, Wageningen, the Netherlands); Dan Glickman (Motion Picture Association of America, Washington,D.C.); Katherine Gockel (University of Denver, Colo.); Manuel Mira Godinho (Technical University of Lisbon); Langston "Kimo” Goree (Earth Negotiations Bulletin, New York); Xu Guanhua (Minister of Science and Technology, People’s Republic of China); R.K. Gupta (Planning Commission, Government of India, New Delhi); Mongi Hamdi (UNCTAD, Geneva); Stephanie Hanford (Brazilian Business Council for Sustainable Development, Rio de Janeiro); Mohamed Hassan (Third World Academy of Sciences, Trieste, Italy); John Holdren (Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.); Jason Hsu (Industrial Technology Research Institute, Taipei); Barry Hughes (University of Denver, Colo.); Jack Huttner (Genencor International, Palo Alto, California, U.S.A.); Jung-Chiou Hwang (Ministry of Economic Affairs, Taipei); Patarapong Intarakumnerd (National Science and Technology Development Agency, Bangkok); Akira Iriyama (Sasakawa Peace Foundation, Tokyo); Travis Kalanick (Redswoosh Inc., Los Angeles, Calif.); Sergei Kambalov (United Nations Secretariat, New York); Sarbuland Khan (United Nations Secretariat, New York); Victor Konde (UNCTAD, Geneva); Regina Lacayo Oyanguren (Project for Innovation Technology Support, Managua); Helena Lastres (Economics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro); Doris Estelle Long (John Marshall Law School, Chicago, Ill.); Juan López Villar (Friends of the Earth International, Florence, Italy); Eugene A. Lottering (National Research Foundation, Pretoria, South Africa); Bengt-Åke Lundvall (Aalborg University, Denmark); Silas Lwakabamba (Kigali Institute of Science, Technology and Management). Samuel Makinda (Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia); Peter Matlon (Rockefeller Foundation, Nairobi); ?????Lucky Maohi (Ministry of Communications, Science and Technology, Gaberone); Julia Marton-Lefèvre (LEAD-International, London); R.A. Mashelkar (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi); John A. Mathews (Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia); Janet Maughan (Rockefeller Foundation, New York); Akashambatwa Mbikusita-Lewanika (National Economic Advisory Council, Lusaka, Zambia); Patrick Messerlin (Institut d’Etudes Politiques, Paris); John Mugabe (New Partnership for Africa’s Development, Pretoria, South Africa); Masafumi Nagao (Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan); Thien Nhan Nguyen (People’s Committee of Ho Chi Minh City); Julia Novy-Hildesley (Lemelson Foundation, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A.); Peter Anyang’ Nyong’o (Minister of Planning and National Development, Nairobi); Osita Ogbu (Science and Technology Policy Studies Network, Nairobi); Gabriel Ogunmola (Nigerian Academy of Science, Ibadan); Geoffrey Oldham (University of Sussex); William Otim-Nape (National Agricultural Research Organization, Kampala, Uganda); Flora Painter (Inter-American Development Bank, Washington, D.C.); Phillip Feanny Paulwell (Minister of Ministry of Commerce, Science and Technology, Kingston); Carlo Pietrobelli (University of Rome III, Rome); Auliana Poon (Tourism Intelligence International, Bielefeld, Germany); Norris Prevost (Parliament of the Commonwealth of Dominica, Roseau); Esad Prohic (Office of the President, Zagreb); Igbal Quadir (Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.); Peter Raven (Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Mo.); Harold Ramkisson (University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago); Andrew Reynolds (Office of the Science and Technology Advisor to the U.S. Secretary of State, Washington, D.C.); ?????William J. Rourke (Canberra); Vincent Rugwizangoga Rubarema (Office of the President, Kampala) Francisco Sagasti (Agenda: PERÚ, Lima, Peru); Zafar Saied Saify (University of Karachi, Pakistan); George Saitoti (Minister of Science, Technology and Education, Nairobi); Karl Sauvant (UNCTAD, Geneva); Susan Sechler (German Marshall Fund of the United States, Washington, D.C.); Ismail Serageldin (Library of Alexandria, Egypt);Tengku Mohd Azzman Shariffadeen (Malaysia Institute of Microelectronic Systems, Kuala Lumpur); Luc Soete (Maastricht University, The Netherlands); Paz Soriano (Secretariat of the Presidency in Chile, Santiago); Charlie Spillane (University College Cork, Cork, Ireland), Apiwat Sretarugsa (Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Bangkok); Robert Stowe (Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.); M.S. Swaminathan (M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai, India); Chikako Takase (United Nations Secretariat, New York); Don Thornhill (Commission for Higher Education, Dublin); Monica Trejo de Salazar (Corte de Cuentas de La Republica, San Salvador); Alvaro Umaña (United Nations Development Programme, New York); Arnoldo Ventura (Office of the Prime Minister of Jamaica, Kingston); Eduardo Viotti (Institute for Applied Economics Research, University of Brasilia); Judi Wakhungu (African Centre for Technology Studies, Nairobi); Shem Wandiga (Kenya National Academy of Sciences, Nairobi); Philip Weech (Secretariat of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, Bonn, Germany); Kenneth E. Weg (Clearview Projects, Princeton, N.J.); Roy Widdus (World Health Organization, Geneva); Abiodun Williams (United Nations Secretariat, New York); Wei Xie (Tsinghua University, Beijing); Lu Yongxiang (Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing); Abdulqawi Yusuf (UNESCO, Paris); Zane Zeibote (Advisor on Economic Affairs, Presidency of Latvia); and Jacob Ziv (Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Jerusalem).

We commend the outstanding editorial and production work undertaken by Meta de Coquereaumont, Barbara Karni, Bruce Ross-Larson, Christopher Trott,and Elaine Wilson of Communications Development Incorporated. Wider distribution of this report in developing countries was made possible through the generous support of a number of institutions that strongly believe that innovation can be an engine of development. These include: Genencor International, USA; International Development Research Centre, Canada; Secretariat of the African Forum on Science and Technology for Development of the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD); and the Joint Centre for Bioethics, University of Toronto. We also want to single out the Government of Canada for providing leadership in promoting the application of emerging technologies to development.

Preparation of this report would not have been possible without the outstanding contributions of the task force research team and the continuous and generous support of the staff of the UN Millennium Project. Behind the whole enterprise was Brian Torpy, at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, whose logistical support, organizational capabilities, and dedication to duty made it possible for the task force to operate smoothly and effectively.